• Jakobsen dealt with grammatical categories, but emphasized the need to retain meaning (semantics) in the system.  This was a very anti-Formalist approach to language (i.e. anti-Chomskyan), which eventually turned the Formalists against him.  In fact at an LSA meeting after WWII, Robert Hall (Cornell) passed around a $20 bill and had everyone sign it who agreed to blackball Jakobsen.